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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Sweden (2003)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Sweden (2003)

 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)Sweden (2003)
 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)Sweden
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) 21 counties (lan, singular and plural); Blekinge, Dalarnas, Gavleborgs, Gotlands, Hallands, Jamtlands, Jonkopings, Kalmar, Kronobergs, Norrbottens, Orebro, Ostergotlands, Skane, Sodermanlands, Stockholms, Uppsala, Varmlands, Vasterbottens, Vasternorrlands, Vastmanlands, Vastra Gotalands
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
0-14 years: 17.7% (male 804,296; female 763,213)


15-64 years: 65% (male 2,933,183; female 2,835,835)


65 years and over: 17.3% (male 654,575; female 886,983) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products barley, wheat, sugar beets; meat, milk
Airports 5 (2002) 245 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 145


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 11


1,524 to 2,437 m: 82


914 to 1,523 m: 24


under 914 m: 25 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
total: 100


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 90 (2002)
Area total: 12,173 sq km


land: 12,173 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
total: 449,964 sq km


land: 410,934 sq km


water: 39,030 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut slightly larger than California
Background Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. A military power during the 17th century, Sweden has not participated in any war in almost two centuries. An armed neutrality was preserved in both World Wars. Sweden's long-successful economic formula of a capitalist system interlarded with substantial welfare elements was challenged in the 1990s by high unemployment, rising maintenance costs, and a declining position in world markets. Indecision over the country's role in the political and economic integration of Europe delayed Sweden's entry into the EU until 1995, and waived the introduction of the euro in 1999.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 9.71 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.2 million


expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $119 billion


expenditures: $110 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital Stanley Stockholm
Climate cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north
Coastline 1,288 km 3,218 km
Constitution 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 1 January 1975
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
conventional long form: Kingdom of Sweden


conventional short form: Sweden


local long form: Konungariket Sverige


local short form: Sverige
Currency Falkland pound (FKP) Swedish krona (SEK)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 10.58 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $NA $66.5 billion (1994)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) chief of mission: Ambassador Charles A. HEIMBOLD, Jr.


embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds VAG 31, SE-11589 Stockholm


mailing address: American Embassy Stockholm, Department of State, 5750 Stockholm Place, Washington, DC 20521-5750 (pouch)


telephone: [46] (08) 783 53 00


FAX: [46] (08) 661 19 64
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) chief of mission: Ambassador Jan ELIASSON


chancery: 1501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20005-1702


telephone: [1] (202) 467-2600


FAX: [1] (202) 467-2699


consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force none
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $1.7 billion (1997)
Economic aid - recipient none -
Economy - overview The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. Aided by peace and neutrality for the whole 20th century, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. Agriculture accounts for only 2% of GDP and 2% of the jobs. The government's commitment to fiscal discipline resulted in a substantial budgetary surplus in 2001, which was cut by more than half in 2002, due to the global economic slowdown, revenue declines, and spending increases. The Swedish central bank (the Riksbank) is focusing on price stability with its inflation target of 2%. Growth remained sluggish in 2003. On September 14, 2003, Swedish voters turned down entry into the euro system, concerned about the impact on democracy and sovereignty.
Electricity - consumption 15.19 million kWh (2001) 134.9 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 18.45 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 11.14 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 16.33 million kWh (2001) 152.9 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
fossil fuel: 4%


hydro: 50.8%


nuclear: 43%


other: 2.3% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
lowest point: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad -2.41 m


highest point: Kebnekaise 2,111 m
Environment - current issues overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster acid rain damage to soils and lakes; pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea
Environment - international agreements - party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups British indigenous population: Swedes and Finnish and Sami minorities; foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks
Exchange rates Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound Swedish kronor per US dollar - 9.74 (2002), 10.33 (2001), 9.16 (2000), 8.26 (1999), 7.95 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA)


cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the monarch (born 14 July 1977)


head of government: Prime Minister Goran PERSSON (since 21 March 1996)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister


elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the prime minister is elected by the Parliament; election last held 15 September 2002 (next to be held NA September 2006)


election results: Goran PERSSON reelected prime minister with 131 out of 349 votes
Exports NA (2001) 203,700 bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities wool, hides, meat machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals
Exports - partners Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) US 11.6%, Germany 10.1%, Norway 9%, UK 8.2%, Denmark 5.9%, Finland 5.6%, Netherlands 5.3%, France 5.1%, Belgium 4.7% (2002)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT blue with a golden yellow cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)
GDP purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $230.7 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 2%


industry: 29%


services: 69% (2001)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $26,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 1.9% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 51 45 S, 59 00 W 62 00 N, 15 00 E
Geography - note deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas
Heliports - 2 (2002)
Highways total: 440 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 390 km (2002)
total: 212,402 km


paved: 166,523 km (including 1,499 km of expressways)


unpaved: 45,879 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: 3.7%


highest 10%: 20.1% (1992)
Imports NA (2001) 553,100 bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing
Imports - partners UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) Germany 18.5%, Denmark 8.8%, UK 8.6%, Norway 8.2%, Netherlands 6.7%, France 5.4%, Finland 5.2%, US 5% (2002)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) 6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 0.9% (2002 est.)
Industries fish and wool processing; tourism iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
total: 3.42 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 3.86 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 2.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (1998) 2.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ICFTU AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 6, G- 9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MONUC, NAM (guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMISET, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) 29 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 1,150 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed by the prime minister and the cabinet)
Labor force 1,100 (est.) 4.4 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) agriculture 2%, industry 24%, services 74% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 2,205 km


border countries: Finland 586 km, Norway 1,619 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
arable land: 6.8%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 93.2% (1998 est.)
Languages English Swedish


note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Legal system English common law civil law system influenced by customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor


elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 15 September 2002 (next to be held NA September 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - Social Democrats 39.8%, Moderates 15.2%, Liberal Party 13.3%, Christian Democrats 9.1%, Left Party 8.3%, Center Party 6.1%, Greens 4.6%; seats by party - Social Democrats 144, Moderates 55, Liberal Party 48, Christian Democrats 33, Left Party 30, Center Party 22, Greens 17
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
total population: 79.97 years


male: 77.31 years


female: 82.78 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99% (1979 est.)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway
Map references South America Europe
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: agreed boundaries or midlines


territorial sea: 12 NM (adjustments made to return a portion of straits to high seas)
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) total: 166 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,329,925 GRT/1,609,986 DWT


ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 35, chemical tanker 31, combination ore/oil 1, petroleum tanker 25, roll on/roll off 35, short-sea passenger 8, specialized tanker 5, vehicle carrier 21


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Denmark 8, Finland 8, Germany 3, Italy 3, Japan 2, Norway 7 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force Army, Royal Navy (including Coast Artillery and Naval Helicopter Service), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $4.395 billion (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 2.1% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 2,060,044 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,800,376 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 19 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 52,692 (2003 est.)
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Flag Day, 6 June
Nationality noun: Falkland Islander(s)


adjective: Falkland Island
noun: Swede(s)


adjective: Swedish
Natural hazards strong winds persist throughout the year ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic
Natural resources fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss zinc, iron ore, lead, copper, silver, timber, uranium, hydropower
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population 1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines - gas 798 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents Center Party [Maud OLOFSSON]; Christian Democratic Party [Alf SVENSSON]; Green Party [no formal leader but party spokespersons are Maria WETTERSTRAND and Peter ERIKSSON]; Left Party or VP (formerly Communist) [Ulla HOFFMAN (acting)]; Liberal People's Party [Lars LEIJONBORG]; Moderate Party (conservative) [Fredrik REINFELDT]; Social Democratic Party [Goran PERSSON]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 2,967 (July 2003 est.) 8,878,085 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.44% (2003 est.) 0.01% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Stanley


note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
Gavle, Goteborg, Halmstad, Helsingborg, Hudiksvall, Kalmar, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Solvesborg, Stockholm, Sundsvall
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 265, shortwave 1 (1998)
Railways 0 km total: 11,481 km


standard gauge: 11,481 km 1.435-m gauge (7,527 km electrified) (2002)
Religions primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist Lutheran 87%, Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
general assessment: excellent domestic and international facilities; automatic system


domestic: coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels


international: 5 submarine coaxial cables; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Sweden shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway)
Telephones - main lines in use NA 6.017 million (December 1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 3.835 million (October 1998)
Television broadcast stations 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)


note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
169 (plus 1,299 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 1.54 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate full employment; labor shortage 4% (2002 est.)
Waterways none 2,052 km


note: navigable to small steamers and barges
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